Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Cottone's Model?

Cottone's Model provides a structured approach to ethical decision-making in counseling, outlining a series of steps designed to guide practitioners through complex ethical dilemmas.

The step that involves formulating an ethical plan of action is indeed a critical part of ethical decision-making; however, it is not explicitly named as one of the steps in Cottone's formulation. Instead, the model emphasizes the importance of thorough negotiation of concepts, gathering of relevant information, and engaging in reflective practices. These elements aid practitioners in understanding the nuances of ethical situations and allow for a more informed resolution based on a comprehensive consideration of all factors involved.

By focusing instead on negotiation, information gathering, and reflection, Cottone's Model encourages counselors to engage thoughtfully with ethical dilemmas, ensuring that all perspectives are considered before arriving at an actionable plan. This process is vital in promoting ethical integrity and accountability in counseling practice.